String Capitalization |
Python provides several useful functions that specify which letters of a string are to be in upper case (capitalized), and which are to be in lower case (non-capitalized).
The following table lists these capitalization functions:
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
| capitalize() | Convert the first character to upper case, and convert the rest to lower case |
| lower() | Convert all characters to lower case |
| swapcase() | Convert upper case characters to lower case, and convert lower case characters to upper case |
| title() | Convert the first character of every word to upper case, and convert the rest to lower case |
| upper() | Convert all characters to upper case |
The capitalize() function capitalizes the first character of the string, if possible, and converts the remaining characters to lower case. Characters that are not letters of the alphabet remain unchanged.
location = "XYZ HOSPITAL and TREATMENT CENTER" location = location.capitalize() # location is now "Xyz hospital and treatment center" |
The lower() function converts all alphabetic characters to lower case:
location = "XYZ HOSPITAL and TREATMENT CENTER" location = location.lower() # location is now "xyz hospital and treatment center" |
The swapcase() function converts upper case characters to lower case, and lower case to upper case:
location = "XYZ HOSPITAL and TREATMENT CENTER" location = location.swapcase() # location is now "xyz hospital AND treatment center" |
The title() function converts the first character of every word to upper case, and converts the other alphabetic characters to lower case:
location = "XYZ HOSPITAL and TREATMENT CENTER" location = location.title() # location is now "Xyz Hospital And Treatment Center" |
The upper() function converts all alphabetic characters to upper case:
location = "XYZ Hospital and Treatment Center" location = location.upper() # location is now "XYZ HOSPITAL AND TREATMENT CENTER" |